Punjab Public Service Commission (PPSC)
Syllabus
Section A- Biodiversity (Invertebrate & Vertrtebrates)
- Protozoans structure and function of Paramecium and Plasmodium.
- Canal System in Porifera.
- Polymorphism among Coelentrates.
- Types of Coelom and larval forms among Annelids.
- Structure and life history of Pila and Jepia.
- Structure and life history of Mosquito, Cockrocach, Honeuy bee and Termite.
- Structure and life history of Branchiostma and Herdmania.
- Pisces : Habitat, scales, locomotion and migration.
- Origin of Amphibia and Reptilia.
- Aves : origin,flight and migration.
- Mammalia : Origin,egg laying mammals,aquatic mammals and primates.
- Comparative functional anatomy of Integument, Respiration, Circulatory and Excretory system.
- Ecology and Ethology
- Biosphere : Biogeochemical cycles, green-house effect, ozone layer and its impact, ecological succession, biomes and ecotones.
- Population characteristics, Population dynamics, population stabilization.
- Conservation of natural resources, mineral mining, fisheries, aquaculture, forestry, grassland, wildlife (Major Conservation Projects): sustainable production in agriculture-integrated pest management.
- Environmental biodegradation, Pollution and its impact on biosphere and its prevention.
- Behaviour: Sensory filtering, responsiveness, sign stimuli, learning instinct, habituation, conditioning and imprinting.
- Orientation, navigation, homing, Biological rhythms, biological clock, tidal, seasonal and circadian rhythms.
Top Section B- Evolution and Systemetics
- Natural selection, role of mutation in evolution, mimicry, variation, isolation, speciation.
- Fossils and fossilization, evolution of elephant and man.
- Hardy-Weinberg Law, causes of change in gene frequency.
- Continental drift and distribution of animals.
- Zoological nomenclature, international code, cladistics.
- Biostatistics & Instumentation
- Designing of experiments, null hypothesis, correlation, regression, distribution and measure of central tendency,
Chi-Square, student t-test, F-test (one-way & two-way F-test). - Spectrophotometry, flame photometry, Geiger-Muller counter, scintiliation counter.
- Electron microscopy (TEM,SEM).
Top Section C- Genetics and Cell Biology
- Structure and function of organelles ( plasma, membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes microbodies lysosomes), cell division mitosis and meosis.
- Watson-Crick model of DNA, replication of DNA, protein synthesis, transcription and transcription factors.
- Cloning technology, plasmids and plasmids as vectors, transgenics, transposons, DNA sequence cloning and whole animal cloning ( principles and methodology).
- Regulation and gene expression in pro-and eukaryotes.
- Signal transduction, pedigree-analysis, congenital diseases in man.
- Human genome DNA finger-printing.
- Biochemistry and Mammalian Physiology
- Structure and role of carbohydrates, fats, lipids, proteins, amino acids, Nucleic acids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol.
- Glycolysis and Krebs cycle,oxidation and reduction,oxidation.
- Phosphorylation,energy conservation and release,ATP, cyclic AMP-its structure and role.
- Enzymes : types and mechanisms of action, immunoglobulins and immunity, vitamins and co-enzymes.
- Bioenergetics.
- Composition and constituents of blood, bloodgroups and Rh factor In man, coagulation factors and mechanism of coagulation, acid base Balance, thermo regulation.
- Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, haemoglobin: constituents and role in regulation.
- Nutritive requirements, role of salivary glands, liver, pancreas and Intestinal glands in digestion and absorption.
- Excretory products, nephron and regulation of urine formation Osmoregulation.
- Types of muscles, mechanism of contraction of striated muscle.
- Neuron, nerve impulse its conduction and synaptic transmission, Neurotransmitters.
- Vision, hearing and olfaction in man.
- Mechanism of hormone action.
- Physiology of reproduction-role of hormones and pheromones.
Top Section D- Developmental Biology
- Differentiation from gamete to neurula stage, dedifferentiation, metaplasia, induction, morphogenesis and morphogen, fate maps Of gastrulae in frog and chick, organogenesis of eye and heart, Placentation in mammals.
- Role of cytoplasm in genetic control of development, cell lineage, Causation of metamorphosis in frog and insects, paedogenesis and neotony, growth/degrowth and cell death, ageing, blastogenesis, Regeneration ,teratogenesis, neoplasia.
- Invasivness of placenta, in vitro fertalization, embryo transfer, cloning.
- Baer’s law, evo-devo concept.
- Economic Zoology
- Apiculture/sericulture/lac culture,carp culture, pearl culture/prawn culture.
- Major infectious and communicable diseases (small pox/plague/Malaria/tuberculosis/cholera and AIDS)their vectors/pathogens and prevention.
- Cattle and livestock diseases, their pathogens(helminthes) and Vectors (ticks/mites, Tabanus, Stomoxys)
- Pests of sugarcane (Pyrilla perpusiella), stored grain pests (Trogoderma granarium-khapra beetle, Collosobruchus analis-mung dhora)
- Humoral and cellular immune-response dichotomy , B-Lymphocyte, humoral antibodies structure and function, antibody diversity, antigens/physical and chemical properties of antigens, compliment fixation vaccines, hyperimmune serum/t-lymphocytes (types), Cellular immune-response/self and nonself host-compatibility antigen. Cellular interactions in immunity, macrophages/ significance of AIDS virus, immune surveillance and cancer.
Note : The Examiners shall set eight questions, two question from each section. The candidates are required to attempt 5 questions in all , selecting at least one question from each section. All questions carry equal marks. |
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